Neuro Development Effects of Digital Development in Teenagers
- whereemotionsflow
- Mar 15
- 3 min read
By Mukul
Introduction
The increasing use of digital technology among teenagers has sparked considerable interest and concern regarding its effects on their neurodevelopment.1 Digital media’s influence on developing adolescents' brains is complex, with studies suggesting both potential benefits and risks.2 Understanding these effects is crucial for parents, educators, and policymakers to ensure healthy development in the digital age.1
Impact on brain structure and function
Habitual social media usage has been linked to changes in brain regions associated with social rewards and punishments.1 A study in JAMA pediatrics found that adolescents who frequently check social media show distinct neurodevelopment trajectories in various brain regions.1 For instance, the amygdala, an emotional center, and the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, responsible for judgment and reasoning, are affected.1These changes may lead to an increased sensitivity to social cues or an elevated need for frequent stimulation to prompt dopamine release, potentially affecting real-life experiences.1 While it’s too early to determine the long-term consequences of these changes, further research is needed to understand their impact on navigating personal and professional relationships.1
Cognitive development and digital engagement
Digital engagement can positively influence cognitive development by enhancing problem-solving and spatial skills.2 Studies have indicated that playing video games is associated with increased cortical thickness in the prefrontal areas of the left hemisphere, which relates to executive control, visual-spatial attention, and visual-motor integration.2 Functional MRI (fMRI) studies have revealed that frequent video game players exhibit enhanced working memory functioning.2 Moreover, adolescents perceive technology as integral to their daily lives and a positive influence on their development, particularly in recognising needed information and enhancing knowledge acquisition and creative thinking.2
Social-Emotional Development and Digital Media
Digital media and social media platforms play a significant role in adolescents’ social-emotional development. Moderate digital engagement is associated with mental well-being, providing opportunities for communication, creativity and development.2 Social media use can enhance relationships and social connections, offering access to diverse interactions and increasing understanding.2 Additionally, online platforms can provide positive communities that support psychological well-being, especially for those with lower social skills. However, it’s essential to note that the relationship between digital engagement and well-being varies, with some studies showing negative associations or mixed results.2
Potential risks and mitigation strategies
Excessive screen time and media multitasking can negatively affect executive functioning, sensorimotor development, and academic outcomes. Spending over three hours a day on social media is associated with an increased risk of mental health problems, such as depression. To mitigate these
risks, open communication with children about social media use, balancing the positives nd negatives is crucial.1 Parents should also act as their children’s “frontal lobe” helping them navigate social media with good judgment, given that the frontal lobe, responsible for reasoning and planning, isn’t fully developed until around age 21.1
Conclusion
In conclusion, digital technology’s impact on teenagers' neurodevelopment is multifaceted, presenting both opportunities and challenges.2 While digital engagement can enhance cognitive and social-emotional development, excessive use and certain online activities may pose risks. By promoting balanced digital habits, encouraging open communication, and understanding the role of neuroplasticity, parents and educators can help adolescents navigate the digital world and harness its benefits while minimizing potential harm.2
Bibliography
1. Fishman, L. (2023). How social media use af ects adolescent brain development. Health Matters.
https://healthmatters.nyp.org/how-social-media-use-affects-adolescent-brain-development/ 2. Positive effects of digital technology use by adolescents. (2022). Frontiers in Psychology, 13, 9658971.
3. Digital technology and brain development. (2023). Sage Journals.
4. The effects of digital media use on youth brain development. (n.d.). International Youth Research Conference.
5. Digital Media and Developing Brains: Concerns and Opportunities. (2024). Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, 18, 11003891.
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